Earth+History+Booklet

Use the following as a guide and checklist for making an Earth History Booklet. (Earth History Booklet B) __Earth History Booklet__ (Part 1) Use lots of sketches and colors. Have fun. Start Earth History booklet. Use SNB pages 57 to 70 Day one: __Earth History Booklet__ __Rock Cycle__(Part 1) Use lots of sketches and colors. Have fun. 1. Introduce the concept of Geology. (4 min/ p. 268) 2. (p. 269/ 4 min) a. Explain uniformitarianism. b. Tell how figure 1 shows uniformitarianism. p. 269 3. Describe and explain the formation of the three rock types classified by geologist. (p. 269/ 9 minutes) http://mbpms.chatham.k12.nc.us/modules/groups/homepagefiles/cms/2394745/File/6th%20Grade%20Science/S6%20%20The%20Rock%20Cycle.pdf 4. Draw the rock cycle. (p. 271/ 15 min) 5. a) volcanic activity, b) erosion, c) deposition, d) heat & pressure, and e) melting Explain the rock cycle's arrows. Tell how these five processes transform rock types into another rock types. (p. 270/ 20 min)

__Layers-Relative Age__(Part 2) Earth History Booklet http://mbpms.chatham.k12.nc.us/modules/groups/homepagefiles/cms/2394745/File/8th%20Grade%20Science/S2%20%20The%20Relative%20Age%20of%20Rocks.pdf 1. Explain relative age and absolute age. (p. 272/ 6 min) 2. Explain how the walls of the Grand Canyon illustrate the law of superposition. (p. 273/ 6 min) 3. Sketch Fig. 4, on p 273, showing the law of superposition, relative age, and absolute age. 4. Explain what shows relative age, absolute age, and superposition in figure 4. (p. 273/ 15 min) a. Tell what the rock layers show in the picture. b. Tell what the numbers indicate in the picture. c. Tell the concept that the arrow shows in the picture.

Geologic Cross Sections Simple Geologic Cross Section Pictures Faults, Intrusions, and Unconformities Answer and do the following.

‍‍__Cross Sections -Relative Age__ (Part 3) (Textbook pages 274 & 275)
1. Explain what an intrusion is. 2. Explain how an intrusion forms, 3. Tell how an intrusion's age relates to the age of the rocks it passes through. 4. Explain what a fault is. 5. Explain how a fault forms. 6. Tell how the age of a fault relates to the rock it cuts through. 7. Explain cross-cutting relationships. 8. Explain how an unconformity forms. 9. Explain why there are gaps in the geologic record. Draw the following geologic cross-sections. __Geologic Cross Sections__ Draw the two pictures. Which picture shows erosion between layers A &B? This is an unconformity. 1. Tell which happened first and why. ||  || Find the unconformity between A and B. Also find the fault and intrusion. 2. Tell which of the three happened first and why. (oldest) 3. Tell which of the three happened second and why. 4. Tell which happened last and why. (youngest) || . __Fossils-Relative Age__ (Textbook pages 276 & 277) (Part 4) 1. Explain how index fossils help geologist match rock layer to determine if they are the same age. 2. Explain what makes a good index fossil. Why does an index fossil need to be widely distributed and must have only existed for a brief period of time? Sketch Figure 8 and use it to explain what makes a good index fossil. 3. Tell why ammonite fossils make good index fossils in figure 8. 4. Quickly sketch an outline of the second index fossil in figure 8 that is not an ammonite. Figure 8
 * [[image:lifescitpjhs/0GeoMapJim1Letters.png width="239" height="242"]] ||  || [[image:lifescitpjhs/0GeoMapJim2Letters.png width="246" height="242"]] ||
 * Find the intrusion and fault in the picture above.
 * Find the intrusion and fault in the picture above.

Possible test: __Clues to Rock Layers__ (Textbook page 278) Sketch “Site 1” and “Site 2” Do items 1 through 8 on textbook page 278 1. What "fossil clues" in layers A and B indicate the kind of environment that existed when these rocks were formed? How did the environment change? 2. Which layer is the oldest? How do you know? 3. Whch of the layers fromed most recently? How do you know? 4. Why are there no fossils in layers C and E? 5. What kind of fossils are found in layer F? 6. Which layer at Site 1 might have formed at the same time as layer W as site 2? 7. What clues show an unconformity or gap in the horizontal rock layers? Which rock layers are missing? What might have happened to these rock layers? 8. Whch is older, intrusion V or layer Y? How do you know?

Radioactive Dating

1. Tell what happens during radioactive decay. 2. Tell what goes down and what goes up over time in a rock containing radioactive elements. 3. Explain the half-life of a radioactive element. 4. Explain the ratio used to determine the age of a rock. 5. The process used to determine the absolute age of a rock is ….. 6. Why have scientist used moon rocks and meteorites to estimate the age of the Earth? 7. How old do scientist say the Earth is? 8. Draw a picture explaining Radioactive Dating.

Earth's Plates & Pangaea Use textbook page 284 and the Continental Plates worksheet shown below.

Instructions Using the 10 plate outlines of the Earth's crust, put the super continent (Pangaea) back together. (Hint: put the 250s and then 400s together first.)
 * The shape of different land masses, tracks and deposits from past glaciers, similar rock ages, and similar dinosaur fossils are used as evidence to support the existence of the super continent of the past called Pangaea.
 * Fit the plate pieces together like a puzzle and also put like evidence close together.
 * Start by fitting the four pieces together that have rocks that scientist assume to be 400 million years old.

Answer these questions: 1. Rock type, fossils, glacial deposits, and glacier "tracks", are four types of ........ that support the theory of plate tectonics. 2. Explain why similar fossils can be found on opposite sides of an ocean, when there is no way the organisms could have traveled that far when alive. 3. Explain why fossils of tropical animals are found in Antarctica even though the poles of the Earth have never been warm.





Help __Geologic Time Scale__ Do questions 1 through 5 __plus letters__ on textbook page 297. Then:
 * Use pictures and captions to tell about the geologic time scale.
 * Include details about the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Era.
 * Include dominant life forms.
 * Present the theories on how the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras ended.





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http://lifescitpjhs.wikispaces.com/Earth+History+Booklet+B Megaflood http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/megaflood/scab-nf.html Living Fossils http://discovermagazine.com/1993/jul/itsaliveanditsag249